Dear deer

眾所周知，雅思考試聽說讀寫四項考試圍繞的一個主旨就是同義替換，尤其聽力更為明顯。雅思聽力非常明顯的一個特徵就是不要求考生能夠完全聽懂，但答案部分同義替換的細節必須能夠做到透徹的瞭解才能正確作答。此外，雅思聽力的另外一個特點就是同義替換詞反復利用，反復出現。這兩個特點這樣就為同學們複習聽力提供了很大的幫助。只要同學們對劍橋中的高頻同義轉換詞了若指掌，那麼你就真正能夠洞若觀火，處變不驚了。

下面就具體給同學們分析一下劍橋聽力中的常用替換詞
一、答案類高頻同義轉換詞
以下詞彙在聽力原文中高頻出現，而且是以答案的形式出現的。雅思聽力的遊戲規則是“所聽即所得”，那麼這類題目一般以選擇題形式出現。

★wildlife =animals / plants / vegetation

實例重播：Cambridge8Test2 Section2 的 20 題：The shop contains books about: A.animals B. local traditions C. thehistory of the park.
聽力原文：there is a wide selection of books on wildlife...同樣的替換在 Cambridge8 Test1 Section3 的27 題，這次聽力原文中作者說到：I’d like to see something about the localwildlife, and vegetation too. 選項還是 animal。據統計，這個同義替換在劍橋中出現了四次，它的重要性可見一斑。

★currently = atpresent / at the moment

實例重播：Cambridge8Test2 Section2 的 19 題：What can you see in the park at the present time? A. the arrival of wildbirds B. fruit tree blossom C. a demonstration of fishing
聽力原文：forexample John Havers, our expert fly fisherman, is currently giving displays onthe lake.

★book =reserve; booking = reservation

實例重播：Cambridge9 Test1 Section2 的 19 和 20 多項選擇：WhichTWO pieces of information does the speaker give about the fitness test? A. Youneed to reserve a place.
原文：There are only a limited number of placesavailable for this, so to make a booking phone... 特別強調，這對替換詞在劍橋中不僅以選擇題形式出現，其中 reservation / booking 也經常在填空題中出現，比如：Cambridge6 Test2 Section2的 17 題，同樣的 Cambridge7 Test1 Section1 的第 5 題。所以要引起足夠的重視。

★a range of = avariety of

實例重播：Cambridge7Test3 Section4 的 33 題：The company focused their research on: A. a wide variety of hotels B.large, luxury hotel chains C. exotic holiday hotels
聽力原文：Thecompany’s research covered a whole rangeof different hotel types... 同樣的替換在 Cambridge4 Test4 Section2 的 13 題的非答案部分。
另外要注意在 Insights into IELTS 的練習題裡 range 曾經作為答案出現。

★often =frequently

看似很簡單的替換，但是考試中卻頻繁出現。實例重播：Cambridge8 Test3 Section4 的31 題：Compared tointroducing new business processes, attempts to copy existing processes are: A.more attractive B. more frequent C. more straightforward.
聽力原文：It’s aless glamorous activity than pure innovation, but it actually

happens moreoften, as a matter of fact.

★convert=change

實例重播：Cambridge8Test3 Section1 的 10 題：Which TWO facilities in the district of Devon Close are open to thepublic at the moment? A. museum B.concert hall C. cinema D. ...
原文：Theonly one (cinema) closed down last year,and it’s now in the process of beingconverted into a film museum. 如果知道這組同義替換，那麼就可以用排除法，選出正確答案。
另外 convert 在 Cambridge9 Test3 Section4 的 36 題附近“客串”過背景單詞。

★complex =complicated

實例重播： IELTSPractice Test7 Section2 的 13 題：Jack works with some advanced cyclists who wantto develop: A. international competitive riding skills B.knowledge of advancedequipment C. confidence in complex road systems.
原文：We do complete beginner and also advancedcourses, that’s for urban cyclists who want to do with the things like ridingin the streets with complicated intersections, and things like that. 值得一提的是，complex 作為名詞是綜合設施，複合體的意思，它在劍橋也同樣作為背景單詞出現過，如：entertainment complex、sports complex。希望大家注意擴充自己的詞彙。

★maximum = upto; minimum = start from

二、背景單詞類高頻同義轉換
這類詞彙雖然不如第一類直接作為答案，但是一般這類詞的附近就是答案了。而且如果這類詞經常在背景裡“打醬油”，它們一旦出現了，答案也就不遠了。

★disadvantage =drawback / negative feature

實例重播：Cambridge8Test1 Section38 題：But a two-dimensional map will always have some____.
聽力原文：But there is a drawback.... And that means there’ll always be a certaindegree of distortion on a map.
那麼相反的一組同義替換詞就是：★advantage =benefit / positive feature 這兩組在劍橋中是屢見不鮮。

★focus on =concentrate on / specialize in

★majority =most / main

★neighborhood =surroundings

★suburb =outskirts

★cope with =deal with

★species =breed

★important =essential / crucial / central

★enrollment =registration

★ahead of time= ahead of schedule = in advance